jürgen habermas
[26] In such a direct democracy-driven system, the activist public sphere is needed for debates on matters of public importance and as well as the mechanism for that discussion to affect the decision-making process.
Habermas was awarded The Prince of Asturias Award in Social Sciences of 2003. [26] He discerns a hope for the future where the representative democracy-reliant nation-state is replaced by a deliberative democracy-reliant political organism based on the equal rights and obligations of citizens. He accepted the position of Director of the Max Planck Institute for the Study of the Scientific-Technical World in Starnberg (near Munich) in 1971, and worked there until 1983, two years after the publication of his magnum opus, The Theory of Communicative Action.
[19], In The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere, Habermas argues that prior to the 18th century, European culture had been dominated by a "representational" culture, where one party sought to "represent" itself on its audience by overwhelming its subjects. Dazu gibt es bis heute keine Alternative.
"[33], The so-called Historikerstreit ("Historians' Quarrel") was not at all one-sided, because Habermas was himself attacked by scholars like Joachim Fest,[34] Hagen Schulze,[35] Horst Möller,[36] Imanuel Geiss[37] and Klaus Hildebrand. [24] In this version of the consensus theory of truth Habermas maintains that truth is what would be agreed upon in an ideal speech situation.
Habermas was of the belief that through this form of democracy, people will be aware of their interests in self-governance, and would become even more responsible, thus adhering only to factual and logical debates. Jürgen Habermas also remained a revered mentor and teacher for several. Between Naturalism and Religion: Philosophical Essays.
At the end of the 1990s, Habermas approached Derrida at a party held at an American university where both were lecturing. 2008. 123–129, Jäckel, Eberhard, "The Impoverished Practice of Insinuation: The Singular Aspect of National Socialist Crimes Cannot Be Denied", pp. A highly influential social and political thinker, Habermas was generally identified with the critical social theory developed from the 1920s by the Institute for Social Research in Frankfurt am Main , Germany , also known as the Frankfurt School . He studied at the universities of Göttingen (1949/50), Zurich (1950/51), and Bonn (1951–54) and earned a doctorate in philosophy from Bonn in 1954 with a dissertation written on the conflict between the absolute and history in Schelling's thought, entitled, Das Absolute und die Geschichte.
"[29] Habermas refuses to give up on the possibility of a rational, "scientific" understanding of the life-world. Secondly, it tries to offer some methodological clarifications about the "explanation of the dynamics" of "historical processes" and, in particular, about the "theoretical meaning" of the evolutional theory's propositions. This theory of communicative action was practically utilized by Habermas in law and politics, where he suggested a kind of democracy where the constitution and law is open to public discussion and suggestion. This includes a critique from a communicative standpoint of the differentiation-based theory of social systems developed by Niklas Luhmann, a student of Talcott Parsons.
Habermas built this framework through making use of social and moral theories from prominent philosophers, from Ludwig Wittgenstein, John Searle, Jean Piaget and some of his Frankfurt colleagues such as Karl-Otto Apel.
Everything else is postmodern chatter. According to Habermas, the greatest use of human rationality is not merely its ability to achieve a certain goal.
[citation needed], Michael Schudson from the University of California, San Diego argues more generally that a public sphere as a place of purely rational independent debate never existed. Habermas then returned to his chair at Frankfurt and the directorship of the Institute for Social Research.
The conference volume was published at the Editions Galilée (Paris) in 2002, and subsequently in English at Fordham University Press (2007).
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