sustainable development goal 3
Total official flows from all providers for medical research and basic health sectors were $8.9 billion in 2014. In 2020, the Covid-19 pandemic resulted in a reduction in the "Universal Health Coverage Effective Coverage Index" (an index which assesses whether people in a country have access to essential health services). increased by 61 per cent in real terms since 2010 and reached $10.7 billion in to 45 births in 2015 and 44 births in 2019. Available data from 2005 to 2015 indicate that over 40 per cent of all countries have less than one physician per 1,000 people, and around half have fewer than three nurses or midwives per 1,000 people. Globally, premature mortality from those four main categories of non communicable disease declined by 15 per cent between 2000 and 2012. Coverage with the second Life expectancy has increased dramatically; infant and maternal mortality rates have declined, we’ve turned the tide on HIV and malaria deaths have halved. The widespread use of hepatitis B vaccine in infants has considerably reduced the incidence of new chronic HBV infections, as reflected by the decline in hepatitis B prevalence among children under 5 years of age, from 4.7 per cent in the pre-vaccine era to 0.8 per cent in 2017. Still, most of these deaths were from preventable causes and almost half, or 2.5 million, occurred in the first month of life – the most crucial period for child survival. In 2012, an estimated 889,000 people died from infectious diseases caused largely by faecal contamination of water and soil and by inadequate hand-washing facilities and practices resulting from poor or non-existent sanitation services. the tuberculosis mortality rate among HIV-negative people fell by 42 per cent
Worldwide in 2015, an estimated 108,000 people died as a result of unintentional poisoning. These deaths are preventable with appropriate management and care. It also covers social protection, including healthcare and sickness benefits.
In 2015, an estimated 325 million people worldwide were living with hepatitis Most maternal deaths can be prevented.
Achieving the target of less than 70 maternal deaths by 2030 requires an annual rate of reduction of at least 7.5 per cent, more than double the annual rate of progress achieved from 2000 to 2015. [9] Still, the number of children dying under age five is extremely high: 5.6 million in 2016 alone.
Key strategies for meeting SDG 3 will be to reduce adolescent pregnancy (which is strongly linked to gender equality), provide better data for all women and girls, and achieve universal coverage of skilled birth attendants. It proposes to end the preventable death of newborns, infants and children under 5 (child mortality) and end epidemics. In 2014, at least 1.7 billion people, in 185 countries, required treatment for at least one neglected tropical disease. Premature deaths (before 70 years of age) owing to cardiovascular disease, cancer, chronic respiratory disease or diabetes totalled about 13 million in 2015, accounting for 43 per cent of all premature deaths globally.
Still, more than 1.1 billion people, mostly men, consumed tobacco in 2015. [9] However, current trends mean that 1 out of 4 countries still won't meet the SDG target to end AIDS among children under 5, and 3 out of 4 will not meet the target to end AIDS among adolescents. [14], With regards to HIV infections, people living with HIV are at increased risk of death due to COVID-19 in the year 2020. The neonatal mortality rate is defined as the share of newborns per 1,000 live births in a given year who die before reaching 28 days of age. As Arundhati Roy said, COVID-19 has ‘made the mighty kneel and brought the world to a halt’ but we have a chance to turn it around. In 2015, 10.4 million new cases of tuberculosis were reported worldwide, which represents 142 new cases per 100,000 people, or a decline of 17 per cent since 2000. The maternal mortality ratio has declined by 37 per cent since 2000. In addition, global coverage levels of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, which has the potential to reduce pneumonia significantly, have yet to reach 50 per cent coverage. It also calls for more research and development, increased health financing, and strengthened capacity of all countries in health risk reduction and management.
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