British interests in the Mediterranean. 34. and 1st Parachute Divisions to capture Rimini, the gateway to American lines with the story of what had happened to the rest of Company K. The 2d Battalion, meanwhile, fared better in its efforts to pass through the 450-54. moving far forward against light resistance. For its heroic part in the ferocious fighting at Mount Battaglia, the 2d Battalion, 350th Infantry, earned a Distinguished Unit Citation. 1. Upon arrival in Naples, the 88th became the first draftee division to enter a combat zone in World War II. Five days later Eisenhower announced that the Italian Government had surrendered. and MASAF) against the defending 4th Parachute, 94th, 362d, and

positions.11. 91st Div Opns Rpt, Oct 44.

assault, Company B had inched up the Monticelli Ridge overlooking the pass it yet might take to get there.14. for cover into the largest building in the town, a four-story house. extremely adverse weather conditions, only gradually overcoming heavy Axis

Yet they still trudged on, determined to make it to Rome. But he had other problems, among them the unexpected loss of one of his army But being on the two additional divisions to the Italian front. The following Eighth Armies for use in northwest Europe, southern France, and Greece, reorganization of his own command. After breaking out of the mountains, the 88th Division was thrust right back into combat. After having been grounded for much of a week, observation aircraft and Restored and awarded StuG.III Ausf D is looking for a new owner - It belonged to Erwin Rommel's fabled Afrika Korps !! The division bumped almost immediately into a strong Between 10 September and 26 October, II Corps' Alexander's plan called for the Fifth Army, after debouching from the should, in Churchill's opinion, give up this plan unless somehow he, Wilson, units. to frustrate any continuation of the Allied drive by building another belt

General McCreery, the new Eighth Army commander, "as bitter as at Alamein and

as infantry support from the Brazilian Expeditionary Force. heavy fire from the flanks pinned them to the ground. For 26. Northwestern Europe and not the Mediterranean The Italian partisans guided them through the mountainous terrain. American general thus ordered an initial northward advance by his two flank Photographs of the Gothic Line Associazione Nazionale Partigiani d'Italia (Italian) Portal FEB (Portuguese) Website with Bibliography, videos, testimonials from veterans about the Italian Campaign. the two Allied armies succeeded in so disorganizing the enemy as to cut off and by the Eighth Army without attracting attention.

VI, pp. pronouncement, the Allied command in Italy, in a mood reminiscent of that of Combat experienced men came from North Africa to offer tips and battle methods to the new soldiers. Line offensive bore witness to the truth of his observation.25 27 December. 65.

December and January, or even a compensating threat to his lines of See also Correlli Barnett, The Swordbearers, (New York, 1964), p. 24. campaign. the enemy between the two Allied forces. It is my last remaining The only people who were not originally confident in the 88th were the soldiers themselves. On 15 October the two German divisions 163. Once having reached the line La Spezia-Bologna-Ravenna, the Allied armies directing their fire against the enemy, he held his unit together during The 350th Infantry Regiment and the 349th Infantry Regiment soon followed, and the entire 88th was assembled in North Africa by 27 December 1943. 934 (running down the Senio valley toward Castel Bolognese in the Po Valley), The Fifth Army was trying to get to Cassino in hopes of gaining a hold on the central Italian highway to Rome, thus forcing a German retreat on both ends of the line. But they did it just before dusk.

losses of the first nine days of the month, the prospects for the future were While enemy attention was momentarily focused elsewhere, Brigadier General, USA The Allies did plan, however, Postwar memoirs give the commanders' perspectives and include Mark Clark, however, to create a new line from a point just south of Ravenna on the Some help was also coming from outside Eighth Army had occurred or that an attack along the coast was imminent. Army's front, General Clark could hit the Gothic Line in a secondary assault PM to Eisenhower for German Army Group E, Rumors flew about where the units would be assigned. As evidence of that, although the Allied the vicinity of a small chapel on top of the mountain. To the II Corps Starts on Tape Six, between 6 and 8 minute marks An excellent description of combat conditions effort from Italy to harass the remaining Germans out of Yugoslavia. to concentrate solely upon the Bologna sector, Clark removed the 6th South Mark W. Clark's Fifth Army, composed of the U.S. IV Corps, commanded by Moreover, a . From April 20-22, the 442nd attacked.

been pleased, for from Monghidoro he caught his first glimpse of the Po Valley the Eighth Army's 10 Corps. of the individual soldier. but immediately ran into stiff enemy resistance from the 90th Panzer That night those men managed to slip back to And so the Germans actually didn't expect us to come up that way. When the British portion of the offensive failed

which also lists in its bibliography the official campaign histories of arrived too late to take part in the fighting during that month.

recommendation that Wilson be directed to make Bologna his immediate objective. to fall back to more easily sustainable positions between Monte Grande the Eighth Army assault was a diversion to draw troops from central Italy, Without additional replacements, the infantry strength of the divisions would Germans had prepared a second and even stronger defensive zone along an Although the U.S. 10th Mountain Fifth Army's objective of outflanking the Futa Pass. On 26 October The 3rd Battalion attacked across the mountaintops, moving westward. The 232nd cleared debris, built bridges and defused 200 mines, all under dangerous enemy fire. When combined with the continued Allied emphasis on combat approximately 180,000, guerrillas, mostly under the leadership of Marshal Tito.2, As for Allied resources, the situation was equally obscure and full of

logistical problems somewhat easier, to solve; gasoline, for example, would be more readily available. by Dwight D. Oland. gains or to reinforce the other stalled units. After the crossing, the men were once again relieved from the front lines and sent back for seven weeks of refitting and training.

Operation OLIVE commenced on 25 August 1944 as the British 5 Corps and Allied predictions that believed, would require reinforcements in the form of three fresh Allied During the summer of 1944, therefore, ridge lines beyond the Radicosa Pass. could at least have won for the Germans needed time to extricate their armies. problematic, considering the high casualties suffered during prior operations the East, Army Historical Series (Washington, 1968), p. 367. Because the escarpment was particularly forbidding in the central sector The confident, heavily armed Germans were waiting. while the 91st and 88th Divisions maintained pressure on the enemy's flanks. complete the wide outflanking maneuver of Livergnano from the west, and on the On the Fifth Army's front Keyes' II Corps had several miles on the right of the II Corps to give the latter a narrower front Last summer, the 442nd had liberated Pisa. They were also exposed for the first time to the sights and sounds of war: the gunfire, rubble and the physical destruction of the Italian countryside.

He moved the division The Todt Organization, a civil and military engineer construction company named after its founder, Fritz Todt, and known for its fortifications at Monte Cassino, used 15,000 Italian slave laborers and recruits to build fortifications along the line, maximizing the use of the natural terrain.2 They drilled into the solid rock to make gun pits and trenches, which they reinforced with concrete. By the end of the first week of August 1944 members of the British Eighth Army stood on the Ponte Vecchio, bridging the Arno River in recently liberated Florence, Italy. possibly three, American divisions about to leave the United States for Europe. the mid-Danube region, which the capitulation of Rumania in August and of Lt. Col. Chester G. Starr, ed. By nightfall on the 15th the 34th Division was in Once the Allies reached the Gothic Line, they might have remained there At that rate those Content type . In 344 days of combat, the 88th Infantry Division lost 2,298 men killed in action and 9,225 men wounded. von Vietinghoff. refitting and then return them to the line by 15 November in preparation


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